Turkey and the Middle Corridor: The Limits of Ankara’s Best Instrument in Central Asia
Since Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine, sanctions, political risk, and logistical disruption have pushed governments and shippers to look for routes to Europe that do not cross Russian territory. The chief beneficiary has been the Middle Corridor—the Trans-Caspian International Transport Route (TITR)—which runs from China through Kazakhstan, across the Caspian, […]